I Am, And Who I Want - 1117 Words

When I look in the mirror, I see who I have become and how I got to where I am. When around others, I feel as though I wear a figurative mask to hide who I am inside. Even the closest of my friends think I’m just a happy and cheerful person. I constantly yearn for something more, but I’m never totally sure of what it is I want. Although I do have some ideas for goals I hope to attain, with the assumption they will fill my inner desires. In the rest of this paper, I hope to describe who I think I am, and who I wish to become. I would say my biggest challenge has always been finding the motivation to do something. This started back in grade school, around 6th grade. I would do all of my homework and studied like anyone should, and maintained an A average in every class. I’m not sure when the turning point was, but I noticed as I stopped caring to do homework, aside from graded stuff, and stopped studying, my grades barely changed. I paid attention in class, and ass umed I was able to retain enough information to do well while putting forth minimal effort. This continued through my first two years of community college. I received my associate’s degree and graduated with approximately a 3.5 grade point average, all while not studying and even skipping many classes. The motivation to put more effort was never really instilled upon me and I never faced any kind of challenge. Before turning 18, I held two jobs. The first was stocking frozen food at a supermarket, which lasted allShow MoreRelatedThe, Native American, And Whatever White My Dad1653 Words   |  7 PagesWhen I think of the word â€Å"Ethnicity† of course I immediately think, â€Å"Oh I’m Mexican, Native American, and whatever white my dad is.† While I do have a darker brown skin I was not raised in the traditional way it’s assumed I was. I am only a quarter Mexican, so I was not raised in a Mexican household. 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God himself gives us the opportunity to find out what that purpose is. When finding what that purpose may be, to me, is the only way to truly define who youRead MoreReflection Paper : Reflections And My Mental State Of A Man Who Has Not Gone Through My Life1468 Words   |  6 Pages8/6 From what I read, I am supposedly going to become a better person by following the guide of a man who has not gone through my life and has not borne witness to my suffering. I know that considering my background and my mental state that reading this book will only make me angry for it seems to be a mockery of myself, a teen. I am nothing like a ‘teen’ I have matured much faster than I should have and have never been in trouble or done anything that requires me to ‘straighten up.’ I feel that underRead MoreWho I Am Essay735 Words   |  3 PagesWho Am I? Who I am is what I do everyday and what I’ll do with my life tomorrow. 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St Augustine and Classical Education - 1040 Words

Saint Augustine and Classical Education In Saint Augustines deeply personal work, Confessions, he shares the story of his life up to his eventual conversion to the Christian faith. His odyssey through life is, at times, one of bitter inner conflict between his intellect and faith. Augustines classical education had a profound affect on the way he viewed the world, and eventually had a major affect on the way he approached Christianity. He is definitely an intellectual Christian, and viewed many aspects of his faith from this perspective. Augustines attitude towards classical literature and thought was at times slightly self-contradictory. It is clear, however, that although he was grateful for the education he was given, it was†¦show more content†¦Other than Christianity, his education was the most important factor that shaped his early life. Augustine would have been a different man without this education, and without it his conversion would also have been different. His circuitous route to his final acceptan ce of God would have been far less significant were it not for this long and difficult intellectual struggle. It is clear that his education in rhetoric provided him with the skills necessary for shaping Confessions into a highly persuasive work. Confessions is not only a self-analysis, but also a testimony to the power of the Lord. Augustine wanted his readers to be fully convinced that the ultimate and only Truth was what he had discovered after his years of conflict between philosophy and faith. His credo, I believe in order that I may understand, (VI, 127) said much about his attitude towards the relationship between faith and reason. When Augustine made the decision to fully convert to Christianity in Book VIII, it was truly a leap of faith. He knew then that he had to leave part of his philosophical pursuits behind and commit himself fully to Christ. For I felt that I was still the captive of my sins, and in my misery I kept crying ‘How long shall I go on saying, tomorrow, tomorrow? Why not now? Why not make an end of myShow MoreRelated St Augustine and classical education Essay1029 Words   |  5 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Saint Augustine and Classical Education nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In Saint Augustine’s deeply personal work, Confessions, he shares the story of his life up to his eventual conversion to the Christian faith. His odyssey through life is, at times, one of bitter inner conflict between his intellect and faith. Augustine’s classical education had a profound affect on the way he viewed the world, and eventually had a major affect on theRead MoreSaint Augustine Essays719 Words   |  3 PagesSaint Augustine Saint Augustine, b. Nov. 13, 354, d. 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Leo I â€Å"The Great† is considered to be the â€Å"First Pope† or â€Å"Bishop† of Rome. Leo was the first to state the Petrine doctrine outright, saying that he was the â€Å"heir† of St. Peter and that Christ had appointed Peter as the head of His church. He said that all bishops were heirs to the apostles (this was a general belief at the time), and that Peter was the chief of the apostles. 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Discussion on PMBOK and Agile Model-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Contrast between PMBOK and Agile Method of Software Development. Answer: Introduction This report is all about contrast between PMBOK and Agile model of software development. Agile model is generally the best model for management of different project. In earlier days waterfall model of software development was considered best for managing various project (Allen, 2012). There are generally three subdivision of agile model that are Extreme programming (EX), feature driven development (FDD). XP stands for Extreme programming which was developed in 1990 is a type of agile model developed at an organization called Chrysler corporation. FDD acronym of feature driven development is an upgrading software development which consist of five steps that are upgradation of overall model, making a list of specific features, make a plan for different areas, having a set of features, creating features (Balaji Murugaiyan, 2012). Scrum is a technique used for developing various products and it is developed by having a proper observation on different teams. This method follows project w ork through a series of iteration or loop which is known as sprints. PMBOK stands for Project Management Body of Knowledge helps in putting various ideas for proper management of a project (Burke, 2013). A proper contrast between agile model and PMBOK method of software development has been achieved. Use of PMBOK and agile model has been proper achieved. Discussion Project methods PMBOK: Project Management Body of knowledge can be acronym as PMBOK is the summation of different knowledge or ideas with in project management. Project management is nothing but the use ideas, skills, techniques and skill of different activities for satisfying the requirement of the project. It can be easily achieved by using a series of steps ranging from the phase of initiation to closure. Manager of the project is the only person responsible for having satisfying the goals of the project (Ghosh et al.,2012). PMBOK mainly focuses on different methods of management of project which generally have various discipline of management. In general, executive or manager of a project has to considered three factors that are cost, scope and time. Quality of a project mainly depends on the above mentioned three factors. In words project management can be stated as a method in organizational way for proper managing of projects. PMBOK model has various areas like communication management, integ ration management, time management, human resource management, scope management and risk management at last. Agile project management: This method is considered to be best method for managing different projects. It is the latest method of project strategy which is used for managing different software development (Ghosh et al., 2012). In earlier days waterfall was used for managing different model of software development. This method generally focuses on following facts like interaction among individual using process and tools. This method focuses on working software rather than making or creating proper documents for it. There are generally three methods in agile model of software development that are Extreme programming (XP), Scrum, Feature Driven Development (FDD). Extreme programming Extreme programming can be abbreviated as XP which has generally four values that are communication, simplicity, feedback and lastly courage (Kerzner, 2013). It has some more number of practices like planning, small release, metaphor, simple and easy design, programming in pair, collection of ownership, getting on-site customer. Planning: The main aim is to define the next output as soon as it is possible by the help of various business and technical abilities. Small release: The system should be designed in such a way that it has quick and easy release by making short cycle. Metaphor: All development takes place by a simple story behind the working principle of the system. Simple design: Simple solution or methods are generally preferred and complexity must be removed as far as possible. Programming in pair: All programmers work in pair for better upgradation of software. Collection ownership: This method provides freedom to developers to change any code at any instant of time. On-site customer: A customer representative should be made available to the team members of the team for a full time duration to team members of the project. Scrum Scrum method was developed by after making observation on high performance teams at different companies. Scrum is kind of agile software development in process range from a series of iteration ranging in long month loops or iteration known as sprints (Larson Gray, 2013). At the beginning phase of the project it is generally made into a list known as product backlog. Scrum has mainly three phases that are program, game and lastly post game. Program phase consist of planning phase which consist of new released which is currently based on product backlog which help in estimation of cost and various schedules. Architecture development emphasizes on developed of proper architecture which helps in development and providing high level of designing (Mahalakshmi Sundararajan, 2013). Game consist of new sprints which is produce at the new release of the product. Post program is the last or closing phase which help in final documentation of project which focuses in executive at the site of acceptance and final release of the product. Feature Driven Development Feature driven program or FDD is an upgraded model of software development process and it has mainly five steps development of overall model, creating a list of features, planning of different subject area, proper designing of various set of features and lastly it is built by many features. In the first phase that is development of overall model, an analysis of the objective or aim of the system and its current environment is done (O'Sheedy Sankaran, 2013). The ultimate goal is to track the requirements and make an initial UML diagram of class which generally describes the parameters of various problems. In the second phase that is list of features, the team of developers will check the list of features which is required for decomposing the functionality (Popli Chauhan, 2013). Generally, a feature needs two weeks of time for proper development. In some cases, it is seen that this particular step is broken down into smaller step. In the third phase, development plan of project is produced and planning involves proper planning of project which is subdivided into grouping of set of features and different areas of subject. In the fourth step proper designing of set of features is achieved and ultimate goal is to produce proper designing of each set of features (Richter, 2015). Design model includes proper diagrams of UML sequences. In the fifth phase that is built by feature consist of package consist package and after that developing codes from it and after that making unit test form it. Package or batch of feature is also known as Chief Programmer Work Package (CPWP). Contrast methods PMBOK emphasizes on upgrading the following things like upgradation of plan of project management, proper statement of scope of project management and verification of different project work. On the contrary agile model of software development focuses on getting approval from different bodies of management for getting funds at the planning phase and development tool for various management during the planning stage of the project (Schwalbe, 2012). With respect to scope management of project, PMBOK focuses on different definition, scope planning and goals for creating work breakdown structure. With respect to time management of project, PMBOK has many activities like defining phases, resource calculation, calculation of project duration, and proper control and development. On the other hand, Agile model of software development has proper techniques for upgradation of software and helps in estimation of delivery dates and regular or monthly basis loops or iteration. In respect to cost ma nagement, PMBOK model helps in control, estimation and budget of various projects on the contrary agile model helps in having a proper knowledge or idea about the cost involved in the project. On the contrary agile model helps in accumulation of knowledge or idea about the various involved in the planning stage of the project. With respect to quality management factor, PMBOK model helps in controlling of project, quality planning and assurance on the contrary agile model helps in estimation of helps in adjustment, distribution and review of various products (Schwalbe, 2015). In respect to risk management, PMBOK model has proper planning and identification of risk on the contrary, proper planning and controlling of it on the contrary agile model makes review of risk at various meeting which are held by the organization. Applicability PMBOK: PMBOK relate to the idea or fact that can be used by different firms for proper management of various projects (Snyder, 2017). Three key benefits that can be achieved by the use of PMBOK are use of various process for management of various projects, proper guide to various methods of management of project and aims for providing proper documents. It helps different firms in maintaining standard of projects which are implemented by many managers or executive. It helps in easier technique or method of performing different function of a project. It helps in documentation of individual step or part which is being used in the project (Snyder, 2014). It will ultimately help in improving the outputs of a project. The main of benefit of using PMBOK is that it is not limited for use in different parts of a firm. Agile Model: In this model the needs of the given project can vary as the requirement of the project and in many cases it is seen that the needs or requirement of the project are not clear. This method of software development is used when the size of the project is small and a team with small number of members is required for managing the project (Stackpole, 2013). Agile model is created in such a way that it can satisfy the requirement and it is designed in such a way that it is flexible. In this method the developers should have good idea or knowledge about the given project. Occurrence of risk is more and it can have adverse effect on the given project. In this method continuous interaction between customer and software developer is required and most part of the attention is paid or given to the designing of the product. If the customers need any modification in the product, then it can be directly achieved at the end time or release time of the product. Changes are acceptable in the upcoming pages of the development of any software. On the contrary the given model of software development has many issues like it has less Conclusion In the above discussion it can be clearly stated that project management model is considered to be proper for management of various project. There are three well known sub model in agile model of software development that are FDD or feature driven development, XP or Extreme programming and lastly scrum. All the three models have been described in details. In the year of 1990, XP model of software development came into action form a project from well-known organization that is Chrysler corporation. Scrum model of software development is used for upgrading or developing various product in a new and better way and the project is developed by chain of iteration or loops which are generally known as sprint. Feature driven development can be acronym as FDD which is a kind of incremental or upgraded software which generally comprises of five steps like building list of features, upgradation of overall model, proper designing of list of features, and proper planning of list of features. A pr oper contrast between PMBOK and agile model of software development has been done in brief. Various application of PMBOK and agile model has been done. References Allen, M. (2012).Leaving ADDIE for SAM: An agile model for developing the best learning experiences. American Society for Training and Development. Balaji, S., Murugaiyan, M. S. (2012). Waterfall vs. V-Model vs. Agile: A comparative study on SDLC.International Journal of Information Technology and Business Management,2(1), 26-30. Burke, R. (2013). Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Ghosh, S., Forrest, D., DiNetta, T., Wolfe, B., Lambert, D. C. (2012). Enhance PMBOK by Comparing it with P2M, ICB, PRINCE2, APM and Scrum Project Management Standards.PM World Today,14(1), 1-77. Ghosh, S., Forrest, D., DiNetta, T., Wolfe, B., Lambert, D. C. (2012). Enhance PMBOK by Comparing it with P2M, ICB, PRINCE2, APM and Scrum Project Management Standards.PM World Today,14(1), 1-77. Kerzner, H. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Larson, E. W., Gray, C. (2013).Project Management: The Managerial Process with MS Project. McGraw-Hill. Mahalakshmi, M., Sundararajan, M. (2013). Traditional SDLC Vs Scrum MethodologyA Comparative Study.International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering,3(6), 192-196. O'Sheedy, D., Sankaran, S. (2013). Agile Project Management for IT Projects in SMEs: A Framework of Success Factors.International Technology Management Review. Popli, R., Chauhan, N. (2013). A mapping model for transforming traditional software development methods to agile methodology.International Journal of Software Engineering Applications,4(4), 53. Richter, W. (2015, April). PMBOK vs. agile methods: How cultural change can become transparent. InSoftware Testing, Verification and Validation Workshops (ICSTW), 2015 IEEE Eighth International Conference on(pp. 1-2). IEEE. Schwalbe, K. (2012, September). Managing a Project Using an Agile Approach and the PMBOK Guide. InISECON conference, New Orleans, LA. Schwalbe, K. (2015).Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Snyder, C. (2017).A project manager's book of forms: A companion to the PMBOK guide. John Wiley Sons. Snyder, C. S. (2014). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge: PMBOK () Guide. Project Management Institute. Stackpole, C. S. (2013).A User's Manual to the PMBOK Guide. John Wiley Sons

The curse of right and wrong Essay Example For Students

The curse of right and wrong Essay THE CURSE OF RIGHT AND WRONG Many people treat ethics like a good set of dishes, something to be saved just for special occasions. A monitor poll shows that most Americans think that their country’s moral standards are falling and that stronger families must be the solution. Widespread evidence of moral decay can be found in nearly every American city.Things such as sleazy movies, vulgar TV shows, neglected children, and broken families are the type of things most people oppose. In every major region in the country, a majority of people polled agreed that the Nations values have weakened since the 1950’s. That view is particularly evident in the South and West. However, there is evidence that shows morality could have also been a problem in our Nations history, especially in politics. President Thomas Jefferson faced longstanding rumors about sexual involvement with one of his slaves, Sally Hemings. President Grover Cleveland laid to rest accusations about fathering an illegitimate child by taking responsibility for that child. In recent years politicians have been caught with prostitutes and survived. Others have admitted to infidelity and seen their political careers plummet. The fact that morality seems to be in decline may be, in large part, due to the media. Advancements in technology have made it possible for peoples lives to be quickly and more widely known; therefore, making the public more aware of what is happening. We will write a custom essay on The curse of right and wrong specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now When Americans look for something to blame for declining morals, they point straight at the media, particularly the entertainment media, and especially TV. Jason Sines of Chase, Md., says â€Å"the worst is television.† He notes that TV is readily available in the home, and harder to avoid. Other sources like magazines, movies and other media require a trip to the store or the theater. Sines views are widely shared. More than 3 out of 4 Americans say that the values portrayed on television are getting worse. Because of this, children are much more aware of things they shouldn’t know about until later in life. â€Å"Effects of the ‘moral climate’ also show up with children, who often reflect both physical and emotional neglect,† says Ann Echard, a second grade teacher, â€Å"in part because their parents are struggling to keep their heads above the water, and in part simply because some parents are just being selfish.† When Americans search for answers to moral problems, they often look to the family. In a survey, 71 percent said the family has â€Å"great influence† on the nations moral and ethical standards. Another 15 percent said the family has â€Å"moderate influence†. Ordinarily that might be a good thing, but 68 percent of those people surveyed also said that the family’s influence is on the decline. Other forces, like TV and the Internet, are taking over. One reason for the family losing its hold might be that because of financial trouble and more and more parents are struggling with multiple jobs. Morality plays a part in all successful, sustained achievement. Unless man learns to control the sinner, the animal in himself, he can never release his full power for accomplishment. There are four basic causes for failure among people; they apply equally to the pursuit of success in any line of endeavor. They are: illicit sex, alcohol, deception, and stealing. If people can learn to stay away from things such as these it would make a lot less problems for them. The problem is not that people are no longer able to distinguish between right and wrong; it is simply that they have just decided that it is much easier to avoid doing so. Jimmy Carter speculated that our moral decline began the day that John F. Kennedy was shot, and he was probably right. But there are probably millions of stories of personal moral decline where that person knows exactly where it began. Most people recognize the moral and ethical components of dramatic issues like abortion and end-of-life medical decisions. Other questions like â€Å"Should I cheat on my spouse?† or â€Å"Should I rob a bank?† call for moral judgements, too, but the answers are so obvious for most people that they hardly think about them; it’s just whether or not they act on what they know is proper. Life-or-death issues, really important personal quandaries, and the discussion of professional philosophers should not be the only place that ethics belong. I think that they shoul d be a part of our everyday decisions. It would cause a lot less problems and people would be happier overall.

Cloning and Technology essays

Cloning and Technology essays Cloning is creating an exact copy of a living organism from a single cell, using a genderless organism where the organism inherits the genetical characteristics from the parent who donated the cell. Scientist have been studying and experimenting the concept of cloning for the last fifty years. Cloning in regards to technology has its advantages and disadvantages. Some of these advantages of cloning with the help of technology are help the increase of population, farm better livestock for human, child cloned for unfertile parents, cloning lost family members, and decrease in developing a serious disease. The disadvantages of cloning is decrease I genetic diversity, technology is new and very unstable, and maybe inhuman. One of the advantages that were mentioned earlier was increasing population in endangered species such as plants and animals. With this technology we can clone animals that can produce a faster way to provide food. We can use cloning with plants to produce more of certain species that are going extinct. Another advantage of cloning is to farm better livestock. This is basically to supply organs for humans in need, such as liver, heart, or a kidney. Organ transplants would be significantly aided I this way. Infertile parents could have their prayers answered by using the tissue of a one parent to give rise to a new baby. Brilliant people could be reproduced indefinitely. Banning human cloning is same as disallowing life. Depriving those who sincerely wish to experience pregnancy and raise a child biologically related to them may result in a large number of children throughout the world possibly available for adoption (Nussbaum Cloning can helped in giving birth and also with death. You can replace a lost family member by using the cloning tec...

Example Chi-Square Test for a Multinomial Experiment

Example Chi-Square Test for a Multinomial Experiment One use of a chi-square distribution is with hypothesis tests for multinomial experiments. To see how this hypothesis test works, we will investigate the following two examples.   Both examples work through the same set of steps: Form the null and alternative hypothesesCalculate the test statisticFind the critical valueMake a decision on whether to reject or fail to reject our null hypothesis.   Example 1: A Fair Coin For our first example, we want to look at a coin.   A fair coin has an equal probability of 1/2 of coming up heads or tails. We toss a coin 1000 times and record the results of a total of 580 heads and 420 tails. We want to test the hypothesis at a 95% level of confidence that the coin we flipped is fair. More formally, the null hypothesis H0 is that the coin is fair. Since we are comparing observed frequencies of results from a coin toss to the expected frequencies from an idealized fair coin, a chi-square test should be used. Compute the Chi-Square Statistic We begin by computing the chi-square statistic for this scenario. There are two events, heads and tails. Heads has an observed frequency of f1 580 with expected frequency of e1 50% x 1000 500. Tails have an observed frequency of f2 420 with an expected frequency of e1 500. We now use the formula for the chi-square statistic and see that χ2 (f1 - e1 )2/e1 (f2 - e2 )2/e2 802/500 (-80)2/500 25.6. Find the Critical Value Next, we need to find the critical value for the proper chi-square distribution. Since there are two outcomes for the coin there are two categories to consider. The number of degrees of freedom is one less than the number of categories: 2 - 1 1. We use the chi-square distribution for this number of degrees of freedom and see that χ20.953.841. Reject or Fail to Reject? Finally, we compare the calculated chi-square statistic with the critical value from the table. Since 25.6 3.841, we reject the null hypothesis that this is a fair coin. Example 2: A Fair Die A fair die has an equal probability of 1/6 of rolling a one, two, three, four, five or six. We roll a die 600 times and note that we roll a one 106 times, a two 90 times, a three 98 times, a four 102 times, a five 100 times and a six 104 times. We want to test the hypothesis at a 95% level of confidence that we have a fair die. Compute the Chi-Square Statistic There are six events, each with expected frequency of 1/6 x 600 100. The observed frequencies are f1 106, f2 90, f3 98, f4 102, f5 100, f6 104, We now use the formula for the chi-square statistic and see that χ2 (f1 - e1 )2/e1 (f2 - e2 )2/e2 (f3 - e3 )2/e3(f4 - e4 )2/e4(f5 - e5 )2/e5(f6 - e6 )2/e6 1.6. Find the Critical Value Next, we need to find the critical value for the proper chi-square distribution. Since there are six categories of outcomes for the die, the number of degrees of freedom is one less than this: 6 - 1 5. We use the chi-square distribution for five degrees of freedom and see that χ20.9511.071. Reject or Fail to Reject? Finally, we compare the calculated chi-square statistic with the critical value from the table. Since the calculated chi-square statistic is 1.6 is less than our critical value of 11.071, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.

AnimeMethod and Meaning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

AnimeMethod and Meaning - Essay Example The substance of this prose will analyze the production and narrative of the anime in light of eminent feature Anime films and series. One of the greatest treasures in the world of Japanese anime is Studio Ghibli and their master creator, Hayao Miyazaki. His anime like spirited away, Nausicaa of the valley of the wind and Mononoke Hime are one of the great anime features that define almost every individual’s childhood. These anime consisted of fantastic animation, with vibrant color schemes and used computer graphics. Studio Ghibli even defied some of the norms set by their very own animation industry. The characters in Studio Ghibli anime had proportionate eyes as opposed to the extremely over-sized eyes in other mainstream anime and also the hair color of the characters was close to what was natural unless the character had a supernatural origin. The end result was that the animation style was smooth and had a very intense, life-like feel to it. One of the most recurring sub -genres in almost all of Miyazaki anime was the concept of steampunk. Steampunk is a cinematic concept that shows the use of steam-powered machines rather than the use of sophisticated technology. For Miyazaki, the use of Steampunk was meant to juxtapose east with west and man with nature, because steam power is generated using coal that is extracted from the earth. Moreover, it is a viable method of creating machinery but there are alternate power sources as well that the West had come up with and the anime tried to explore the aspect of Japan trying to catch up with their western counterparts. (Shaner 2011) All three of the aforementioned anime went on to gain critical acclaim, but it was not the production style that caught the audience’s but it was the amazing storyline that went with it. All three of these anime were metaphors for some important events and controversies that had grabbed the entire world. Mononoke Hime is about a girl Mononoke raised by wolves who fights to protect the forest, and another sub-plot involves Prince Ashitaka, who has been poisoned by possessed boar and then sets out to save the spirit of nature. The film was ranked high because of its deep message regarding environment preservation and has taken inspiration from many historical incidents. Most notably, the anime feature hits upon the use of Atomic bomb and other destructive weapons that not only destroy life but the world we live in as well. Moreover, the movie was also a metaphorical representation of the struggle by the Japanese government to have a more balanced approach for the environment and rapid modernization. The event gained media attention after the announcement regarding the construction of Narita Airport. There was a huge furor particularly from the agricultural sector and the farmer, who strongly opposed the construction project. (Selin & Kalland 2003, 178) Naturally, the biggest concern for the people and activists was the environment and even though, th e government had suppressed all sorts of rebellion from the farmers but the activists did try to sabotage the project all throughout the 70’s (Selin & kalland 2003, 178). Therefore, Princess Mononoke was a loose adaptation of the events that transpired during the 70’s and the forest creatures, and the titular character and Prince Ashitaka represented the farmers and activists

The Kingdom of Ends Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Kingdom of Ends - Essay Example "In the kingdom of ends everything has either a price or dignity. Whatever has a price can be replaced by something else as its equivalent; on the other hand, whatever is above all price, and therefore admits of no equivalent, has a dignity." (Kant 42) In this statement above, Kant mentions that morality which is attributed as a universal requirement for every person in the society has a price, a price which is placed on virtue or vice. In this sense, morality can have a price if it is inclined to a good thing or a bad thing. The price of a bad thing or a vice is tantamount to a sin according to the laws of God. And the price of a sin is an eternal life in hell with Satan. On the other hand, a good thing or a virtue is rewarded by a promise of a happy after life. This is associated to the life in heaven with God where the price is happiness and joy in an eternal life. Therefore the human person in his nature can choose to do whatever he or she likes. This can be in the form of something that is not considered of ethical standards or one that is justified as being good. However, in the kingdom of ends, the virtuous side is only considered by Kant where the moral nature of man is at play. This moral aspect is the one that provides the creation of a universal law, a law that every one is supposed to be conversant with and obey its directions. In another aspect however, morality is correlated to dignity. Dignity as it is known is the term that means an ethical inclination of a person where he or she accords respect to others and also accorded respect in return. Hence, dignity is something that has no direct price because it is inwardly developed in someone. Due to this inward development of dignity, it does not have an equivalent of it because it is unique in each and every human. Thus moral value of dignity can not be measured in terms of price as it is not visible for one to measure. The level of dignity that is given to somebody is probably the only measure that can be used to determine morality. In this sense, Kant mentions, "For when moral value is being considered, the concern is not with the actions, which are seen, but rather with the inner principles, which are not seen." (Kant 19) Human nature which is exhibited in dignity is correlated to an art in the kingdom of ends. An art or talent is something that is God given. This means that it can not be created by the human being but only by the supernatural being God. Because of this, it can not be tagged a price that can be purchased by anyone. Just like one can not buy another human being, dignity can not be bought. It is something non-tangible. Art can be something that can be fostered in someone through learning and continuous practice. One can involve him or herself in continuous practice that with time perfects this ability in a specific field. Likewise in dignity, it can be practiced so that one can gain a high level of respect from others. However, in the Kingdom of ends, it can only be practiced by obeying and constantly following the universal law. The universal law acts as the

Profit Interests Essay Example for Free

Profit Interests Essay Over the years the law governing partnership and the payments to be allocated to the partners either for the services offered or for the property was being treated like a transaction. This aspect of partnership laws includes but not limited to payments received as interests of profit made in the partnership as payments for services rendered and this could either be viewed either as a capital or profit interests. This has for many years caused rows which are taken to the corridors of justice, courtesy of the existing substantial uncertainty and in the same vein the conflicting precedents of tax laws cases on decisions on whether profit interest should be taxed and at what rate. Albeit, in 2005 May, the IRS( Internal Revenue Service) formulated a proposal of regulations touching on the alteration of and creation a distinction profits interests and capital, establishing section 83 which determines the general rules on interest that is issued in connection with service performance, the timing, amount and income of the service provider and the issue of partnership deduction in relation to amount and timing, the recognition of gain and losses on the partnership interest and lastly the provision of a safe harbor which based on the assumption that the value of fair market equals to the liquidation value (Blum 1). The current regulations provide for regulations of taxation. The issue unclear provisions on treatment of a service partner contributing service to a partnership and receives interests in the partnerships future profits. The issue has been that when a partner receives profit interest only and not capital interest, for services rendered, is it the aggregate or the entity concept that should be applied? The courts have attempted to solve this conflict and to clarify the situation only to come up with contradicting decisions. Case law on revenue ruling. The laws were explored and revisited in the famous case of William G. Campbell v. Commissioner 943 F. 2d 815(CA 8,1991) and also in the case of Sol Diamond V. Commissioner 492 F. 2d 286 (CA-7, 1974) on profit interest taxation (Englebrecht 1). In the Diamond case a taxpayer was restrained from converting capital gains from ordinary income. Diamond entered a joint venture with a partner for purposes of purchasing a building to be used as an office. The appellant did not contribute any capital but they made an arrangement where he would be the financier for the project and in return he receives 60% interest on the future profits. The appellant after the purchase of the building, sold off his interest to the partner and did not declare income he received from the profit interest. Nevertheless, he reported a short term capital gain the sale resulting to him to offset this gain. The seventh circuit concurring with the tax court ruled that no laws were clear on provision that profit interests which are compensatory receipts are free from taxation. The decision in both case in favour of the commissioner, in the later case it cited the tax rule section 83. was clear and that property received in compensatory to be income on receipt and falls within both the capital interest and profit interests According to section 1. 21-3 (e) excludes unfunded and /or unsecured promises from income recognition. Tax court ruled that profit interest per se is property thus taxable as under the provisions of section 83. On appeal to the eight circuit though it considered that there was no proof that Campbell did not receive his partnership interest for purposes of tax avoidance the circuit did not overturn the decision of the tax court but pointed out that when deciding such cases other factors should also be considered (Englebrechtc3). The loophole in the revenue regulations is the cause of the there is no clear cut rule to be applied when deciding revenue cases. This could be a factors that led to the proposal of the new regulations by the IRS. Profits interest Profits interest can be defined as an interest with a zero capital account and in case of liquidation of a partnership on a material date of transfer then such an account will be entitled to nothing (Bartlett 1). Notice 2005-43 (section 83 principles apply) This is the proposed revenue procedure regarding partnership interests transferred in connection to service performance. Under these new rules the provisions are that a person who receives a partnership interest will be liable to pay income tax rates which rate will have its basis on fair market interest value at the specific time when the interest was received and a consequent corresponding deduction made to the partnership. Apparently, in the partnerships there is no recognition of loss or gain in connection to the issuance of the interest (partnership interest) to the specified service provider. According to Bruce Hood if there is a substantial risk of forfeiture of the partners interest at the time of issue, then it cannot be subjected to current taxation rules until the time it vests 30 days from grant date, then the recipient has an option to be taxed under section 83(b) which has provision on non-vest interest (12). Distinctions between capital and profits interests. Capital interests is interest obtained when existing partners in a partnership opt to retain their rights wholly to the partnership assets in the marker value that is current, while profit interest occurs when new partners are granted right to receiving (shares of)future profits. The later can also be referred to as carried profits ( Cain 8). The two scenarios occur when partners enter into an agreement to divide the components of their existing equity interest. In a nutshell the guidance of the proposed regulations eliminates the stated distinction between capital interest and profit interest. In this regard interest in the partnership issued and in connection to the service performance are treated in a like manner as such and thus are taxable in accordance to section 83. In summary the major distinction between the two is that capital interest are clearly taxable while the has been a conflict on provisions on whether profit interest should be taxable depending on if it falls under service provision or otherwise. Safe harbor (for profits interests) election based on liquidation values. The provision for safe harbor is under section for of the new IRS regulations, this can generally be described to be a statute provision either reducing or eliminating a partys liability, so long as the party acted in good faith and it is a methodor option by which patnerships would incur tax. Specifically, the procedure effectively permits a patnership to elect under its terms and qualify to value its interests depending on the liquidation value of the patneship interests. Arthur Willis and his co- authors explain that under the Safe Harbor, the fair market value of a Safe Harbor Partnership Interest is treated as being equal to the liquidation value of that interest and thus, liquidation value is determined without regard to any lapse restriction (as defined at 1. 83-3(i)) this means that the deduction is available in accordance with the service recipient’s method of accounting(Willis et al,13). Vested and non-vested profit interests (what happens when vested) According to section 83 a non-vested interest should not be subjected to taxation unless it becomes vested. The non-vested interest which no election has been made under section 83 (b), will not be treated as ownership of the recipient and at the same time the recipient cannot be treated like a partner and thus not allocated partnership tax until the time when vesting will occur or a subsequent election for it to be taxed in current state is made. Vested interest are expounded on as being governed by section 83a and non-vest interest under section 83b of the revenue regulations (Haufler 21). Section 83(b) and its election The proposed regulations make clear that both capital and profits interests in a partnership are property subject to the rules of Code section 83. 30 . According to Rubin the proposed regulations also clarify that the non-recognition rules of section 721 (applicable to receipt of a partnership interest in exchange for property) are inapplicable to the receipt of any partnership interest ( Rubin 3). For capital account created for maintenance purposes, proposed regulations thus increase the capital account of service provider by the amount the provider takes into income as provided under Code section 83 including the amount paid for the interest, if any. RP 93-27 -when someone is qualified (qualifications) and status as a partner. The aforementioned procedure revenue procedure 93-27 as provided for in the regulation, alters the historic view on profit interests but in the spirit elaborates that issuing of profit interest made by a partnership in exchange of services does not result to it being a current income while if the capital interest was issued and it was not subject to a risk of forfeiture which was not substantial then it can be said that it was a recognition of income by the service provider resulting to a deduction from the partnership or depending if it is applicable a currently capitalized expenditure (Blum 4). What should taxpayers do now in response to the proposed regulations? In concluding this discussion, due to the absent guidance from the IRS then it is recommendable and advisable for partners to know how they can deal with the profit interests. First, the partners can together scrutinize section 707 and ensure that their arrangements to be structured in such a way that it avoids in total appearance of stated income in the section. This will help reduce the risk of the transaction being treated as a taxable receipt of income (Englebrecht 4). Secondly the interest received should ideally be classified as subordinate to other classes and the agreement should not mention the value of the services to be provided by the recipient partner. Another credible advise is that the partners should not leave the partnership after sell of his/her interest this will help to minimize the risk the interest received being placed on a value and lastly the partner should avoid receipt of distributions which would indicate an immediate return on the interest and thus a determinable value.

Movement Education Essay -- Education

â€Å"Movement is as natural and essential to young children’s lives as loving care, rest and nutrition. Movement provides children with an outlet for expression, creativity, and discovery. Through movement, children learn about themselves, their environment, and others. Movement is a stimulus for physical growth and development. The joy of movement is a child’s expression of an emotional need fulfilled.† (Curtis) The movement education teaching model, its historical development, its concepts and core activities will be discussed in this essay. Furthermore, the general objectives of movement education, the detailed objectives within physical education programs and the applicable teaching methods will be outlined and explained. The history of movement education goes as far back as the 1800s. Many people articulated ideas and theories about movement. Three of the most influential people are Francois Delsarte, Liselott Diem, and Rudolph von Laban. Laban is considered by most the true pioneer of movement education. (Karen Weiller Abels) In the early 1900s Laban identified the four cornerstones of movement: weight, space, time, and flow. In the late 70s and early 80s, Stanley, Logsdon and his colleagues distinguished the four major movement concepts, based on Labans discoveries. Stanley, Logsdon and his colleagues classified body, space, effort, and relationship. Parallel to the discovery of the movement concepts, new trends and new teaching models emerged in physical education programs. Movement education faded from the physical education programs because other teaching models became popular and because movement education is an extremely complex teaching model. Today, movement education has returned a nd has planted it... ...sical Education, Recreation and Dance. Movement Education for preschool children. Reston: AAHPERD, 1980. Print. Curtis, Sandra R. The joy of movement in early childhood. New York: Teachers College Press, 1982. Print. George Graham, Shirley Ann Holt/Hale, Melissa Parker. Children Moving, A Reflective Approach to Teaching Physical Education. Vol. 8th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2012. Text. 28 March 2012. Jennifer Wall, Nancy Murray. Children & Movement, Physical Education in the Elementary School. Dubuque: WCB Brown & Benchmark, 1990. Print. Karen Weiller Abels, Jennifer M. Bridges. Teaching Movement Education, Foundation for Active Lifestyles. Human Kinetics, 2010. Print. 16 March 2012. Robert P. Pangrazi, Victor P. Dauer. Movement in Early Childhood and Primary Education. Minneapolis: Burgess Publishing Company, 1981. Print. 16 March 2012.

Argumentative Essay of the Movie “The Reader”

Parra 1 Martin Parra Prof. Enrique Wong English 100 4 December 2012 Looks can be deceiving; do not fall into the trap â€Å"Ethical principles stand above the existence of the nation and that, by adhering to these principles an individual, belongs to the community of all those who share, who have shared, and who will share this belief† (Fromm 121). This thought was impossible to perceive in Germany during Hitler’s command and his cruel, racist, immoral Jewish holocaust. Ethics and moral never existed in that country by that time, thus Germans only lived under the â€Å"law†.One special case of this atrocity was the one of Hanna Schmitz, in the movie The Reader. Some people would say that Hanna Schmitz was a right person based on the fact that she helped Michael Berg during his youth and also the fact that she was a disciplined worker. However, she manipulated Michael Berg, killed around three hundred people in the concentration camp, and killed herself when she w as in jail. Despite Hanna helped Michael when he more needed at the time he was very sick, she manipulated and mistreated him in different ways.The first one and the most important was when Michael had to take a bath (The Reader, film). He wanted a private moment, but Hanna disrespected him (The Reader, film). She did not close the curtain and saw him naked. When Michael realized that, he was restrained. Looking at his eyes, Hanna seized the moment and got naked, too. Michael got shocked. After some looks, Michael was having his first sex experience (The Reader, film). He was just fifteen years old. Then, they began to repeat this situation almost every day. So, Michael Parra 2 started to prefer going Hanna’s instead going home, and she did not care about it.Neither cared about his name (she just called him â€Å"kid†) nor how was he with his disease (The Reader, film). She just wanted to have sex and pleasure, not love at all. After some time, Michael read a story to Hanna and she liked the way he did it. Hanna liked so much that she preferred hearing a story before having sex (The Reader, film). Again, Hanna is using Michael just to self-indulge. Another situation where she did not show respect for him was in the train. Both saw each other, but Hanna did not want to greet him and turned around (The Reader, film).Furthermore, she told Michael that she could not be upset with him because she did not care enough about him (The Reader, film). Unexpectedly, he asked Hanna if she loved him, the answer was a deep silence (The Reader, film). So, it is clear that Hanna Schmitz did not respect Michael Berg, just used and manipulated him for her own benefit. After a long time, Michael became a law student and saw Hanna again, but in a trial (The Reader, film). It resulted that Hanna drop her job at the train office and radically became a concentration camp guard (The Reader, film). Why did she take that decision?It can be possible that she was in a diffic ult situation in her life, but she could have easily chosen another type of job, not an atrocious one. Even though she knew her new job was killing people without a logic reason, she accepted before thinking twice. The worst thing she did was burning a church with three hundred people inside and locking all the doors (The Reader, film). Where are the ethics, moral and logic here?! She did not want to think in the most important values and rights, she just obeyed the law. Based on Donald B. Walker article: Law is the derivation of a society? interpretation of justice which is relative both to time and place. Furthermore, the creation of law is more frequently the Parra 3 result of the interpretation of justice by the powerful in the society which is then applied at the expense of the powerless. Obviously, in this case the Germans were the powerful and Jews, the powerless. Consequently, their law was an interpretation of what they think to be justice; but, that justice was based on ha te, racism and killing of some people, especially Jews. This absurd law was the only thing Hanna had in my mind when she was working as a concentration camp guard.She could save those people if she had thought in ethics and rights, but no. She did not open her mind, just obeyed the law. At the end of the trial Michael began to cry because the judge sentence Hanna penal servitude for life because she admitted that the letter about those killed people in the concentration camp was written by her (The Reader, film). It may have been worse; she could have been executed due to all the people she had killed. Years passed, Michael Berg became a judge, he had a daughter; but, he never stopped thinking about Hanna Schmitz.He could not forget her. So, one day he decided to write a letter to her (The Reader, film). When she received it and heard the name Michael Berg, she was surprised. After that, Michael sent her a story recorded in a cassette. Since then, plenty of cassettes arrived to Hann a’s jail (The Reader, film). Since then, she learned how to read and write. Now the big question, why did she tell the judge that she wrote that letter when she did not know how to write? It cannot be possible that Hanna lied in the most decisive moment of the trial, of her future.Finally, she killed herself after Michael wanted to help to her to get out of prison. These attitudes are considered part of the psychologically weakest people who refuse any kind of help from others who love and care them. Once again Hanna Schmitz hurt Michael and did not want his help, even worse, his love. Parra 4 In spite of Hanna Schmitz helped the young boy Michael Berg when he was sick and was an excellent worker, as a conclusion, it is clear that she was a manipulating and cruel person. She used the young boy Michael Berg to satisfy herself and killed a lot of people just because it was her job.She did not showed respect, human rights, and ethics in both cases. Actually, she can be considere d a selfish hypocrite prepotent person who just wanted her own benefit with no respect or care about the others around her. So, be careful; you do not want to be like Hanna Schmitz, right? Works Cited Fromm, Erich. Escape from freedom. New York: Farrar and Rinehart, 1941. Print. The reader. Dir. Stephen Daldry. Perf. Kate Winslet, Ralph Fiennes, and Bruno Ganz. Mirage, 2008. Film. Walker, Donal B. The Detah Penalthy: Legal Cruelty. USA Today, November 1983.

God’s faithfulness

Log then Capture Sometimes we are that piece of log. Lifeless. No shape. No form. No beauty. Nothing special about it. But God sees something special about you. People around you may say that you are bound to fail because you were not able to go to school, or because you are poor, or because you have no talent, or because you have a broken family. But the sculptor, our God, sees something special about you? The reason why you are here. He sees greatness in you because he has created you for that purpose-?for greatness! We may not see it at the moment.Because God is still working that masterpiece in you. Our text is taken from Ephesians 2:10 which says, ‘We are God's workmanship, retreated in Christ Jesus to do good works, which God prepared in advance for us to do. † 1. We are God's Workmanship A. Every Human is Created by God in His Image (Genesis 126-27) a. Like this picture (father and son), we can say that they are father and son. Because the son resembles his father. Sino as ninny nag kumara nag mama o papa ninny? Dib sometimes people will know who you are because of your resemblance with your parents. Again din asana Toyota Kay Lord.When people see us, they need not ask if you are a Christian because from your words and actions, they will know that you are God's son and daughter. B. I know how hard it is to become a Christian. A lot of people have difficulty in deciding to follow Christ because there are so many things an â€Å"bawl†. Bawl magma boyfriends/ girlfriend. Bawl minimum/managerially. God wants us to follow these DON TTS because he actually wants to protect us. Protect us from early pregnancy, early fatherhood/motherhood, sickness like lung cancer, liver problems, hypertension, etc.Asana normalize anti LATA nag to. God loves you so much that He doesn't want you to make decisions that may harm you in the future. C. And like the father in the prodigal son, no matter how we fail him, he will till welcome you back with love and f orgiveness. God loves us so much. B. Every Christian has been created again in Christ. A. Created IN CHRIST JESUS. This means that even before JESUS CHRIST came into the world to save us, He was actually already present from the beginning. Before Adam and Eve had ever sinned against God, they were perfect like Jesus Christ.But when sin came into the picture, the perfection was destroyed. We became sinners, unfaithful, selfish and unrighteous. B. But in 2 Corinthians 7 of the New Testament, It says there, â€Å"If anyone is IN CHRIST, he is a NEW CREATION, the old has gone and the new has come. God gave us another chance through Jesus Christ to redeem ourselves. To have that connection with Him again and enjoy the abundance and the fullness of His love. C. Have made a lot of mistakes again and again and yet, God never really gave up on me.Katie guano pa kali nag Salinas MO as Kenya, He would even be the one to come near you and not to remind you of your sins but to remind you that H e loves you so much despite of everything. So, if you are here today and you have made a serious mistake in the past, do not let that define you. You are created for something more than you're past. Tell the arson next to you, be patient with me, God IS not yet finished With me. 2. We are created for good works a. Many people believed that good works are enough for them to be saved.But it is said in Ephesians 2:8-9, â€Å"For by grace you have been saved through faith, not of yourselves, it is a gift from God so that no one can boast. B. Our good works cannot save us because even our good works are also influenced by our needs, ideologies and beliefs. Sometimes, we help people because we Want to pay it forward so that when the time comes that We will be needing their help, they will also help us. Sometimes, we help other people so we can e recognized. We help others because they have helped us. Even our best is tainted with sin. C. Our good works can sometimes cause us to boast.The reason why God used the young and small David to kill Goliath, the shepherd boy and the youngest Joseph to be the ruler, the killers of Christians Saul to be Paul who confesses God with all his heart, the old and barren Sarah to give birth to Isaac or the young and lustful David to be the man after God's own heart-?the reason why God used them is so that they will say that it was not them but it was all because of God. D. Sometimes we are afraid to be involved n the church because we feel that we are incompetent, poor, weak, untalented, shy or that we are not good enough.But guess what God wants people like you and me to serve Him and glorify His name. MY TESTIMONY: I have been a Christian since I was in kindergarten. But I came to really understand God's word when was in high school. But understanding is different from actually obeying God's commands. Like anybody in this room, I was really struggling. Having a knowledge of what is right and evil makes me more accountable of our a ctions. Which is more hurting? When your grade 1 friend had left you? Or when your best friend since grade 1 until now had suddenly left you with no explanation? It is the latter. Why?Because you have known and understand better that friends really don't just do that. Same is true with our relationship with God. When we were little, it was okay that we were not praying everyday, meditating on his words or obeying his commands because we still did not understand the real meaning of Christianity. Which is actually living life like Christ. In high school, was a church gore and even joined the activities of the church. But was not actually doing everything that he said in his word. Was actually doing a lot of things that you also are doing. But nevertheless, God has still been very faithful to me.He caused me to finish on top of our class even when was not faithful. That chapter of my life was also the time when we almost lost everything we own. We lost the house, the lumber yard, the p awnshop, the cars, and the hardware. If God was not with us, we might have also lost our family. No matter how sinful, unfaithful and hard-headed we are, God will find a way to reach out to you. When I started college, I came to know Christ more through the campus crusade for Christ. It was easier to change because I have people around me ho are supporting me and joining me in my walk with Christ.We were winning souls in the campus. I felt very secure and fulfilled that time. Was being used by God in his ministry. But then again, the college years had to end. When I was starting medicine, I went to another school and lost contact with my campus crusade friends. I was becoming busy reaching for my dream of becoming a doctor when was beginning to lose my relationship with God. I Was not as disobedient as Was when was in high school. But then again, I was spending most of my time in school. I became just a church gore. I was till able to finish well through God's faithfulness.When I wa s in Dave last year, where was having my internship for one year. This was the time when began to slowly lose my sight of God. I was back into my old self or even worse. But even though this times, God has remained faithful to me and my family. Was able to finish my internship and passed the exam. I may have failed God and my family several times in my life. But God never fails. He never gave up on me. He has always given many chances to straighten up my life. I admit that at the moment, I am still getting back on the right track and it is very hard to do so.

Rock Genres In the 90s essays

Rock Genres In the 90's essays Rock music was decaying in the late 80s. The rock scene was suffering from a repetetive pattern of big hair, flashy clothes, long guitar solos, and lyrics that werent relating to the listeners. The music industry was begging for something new. This is the beat up state that rock was left in during the early nineties. But little did anyone know what was in store for rock in the 90s. What was about to come would redefine the meaning of rock forever. In the early 90s a band called Nirvana had made its debut into the mainstream. This band had bred the first genre of the 90s, Grunge. After the fall of Grunge a new genre had to take place. So once again the music industry was in need of something new. And so dawned the era of Alternative Punk, the second genre. Leading the scene were Green Day and Offspring. The punk scene brought on a whole new vibe of raw energy and anarchy. When the punk scene started to die down, a new breed of rock was surfacing to the mainstream. The Metal/Hardcore was the final genre of rock in the 90s. It consisted of bands such as KoRn, Limp Bizkit, and Rob Zombie. This genre was the hardest of the genres and could definantly cause the hugest mosh pit. The first genre of rock was called Grunge. It was named this simpley because of its lack of interest in fashion and the growling barked out vocals. It couldnt have came at a better time then it did. The later 80s were emerging and there was no sign of something new. That is untill a three piece band called Nirvana (spiritual place of peace) from Seattle led by guitarrist/vocalist Kurt Cobain landed their first album tittled Bleach in 1989. This album errupted into the underground music scene like fire, which had top notch record labels knocking on their door. It wasnt untill their sophmore album (Nevermind) that they achieved extreme ...

Mosquitoes - Family Culicidae

Mosquitoes - Family Culicidae Who hasnt had an encounter with a mosquito? From the backwoods to our backyards, mosquitoes seem determined to make us miserable. Besides disliking their painful bites, mosquitoes concern us as vectors of diseases, from West Nile virus to malaria. Description: Its easy to recognize a mosquito when it lands on your arm and bites you. Most people dont take a close look at this insect, tending instead to slap it the moment it bites. Members of the family Culicidae do exhibit common characteristics if you can bear to spend a moment examining them. Mosquitoes belong to the suborder Nematocera – true flies with long antennae. Mosquito antennae have 6 or more segments. The males antennae are quite plumose, providing lots of surface area for detecting female mates. Female antennae are short-haired. Mosquito wings have scales along the veins and the margins. The mouthparts – a long proboscis – allow the adult mosquito to drink nectar, and in the case of the female, blood. Classification: Kingdom - AnimaliaPhylum - ArthropodaClass – InsectaOrder – DipteraFamily - Culicidae Diet: Larvae feed on organic matter in the water, including algae, protozoans, decaying debris, and even other mosquito larvae. Adult mosquitoes of both sexes feed on nectar from flowers. Only females require a bloodmeal in order to produce eggs. The female mosquito may feed on the blood of birds, reptiles, amphibians, or mammals (including humans). Life Cycle: Mosquitoes undergo complete metamorphosis with four stages. The female mosquito lays her eggs on the surface of fresh or standing water; some species lay eggs on damp soil prone to inundation. Larvae hatch and live in the water, most using a siphon to breathe at the surface. Within one to two weeks, the larvae pupate. Pupae cannot feed but can be active while floating on the waters surface. Adults emerge, usually in just a few days, and sit on the surface until they are dry and ready to fly. Adult females live two weeks to two months; adult males may only live a week. Special Adaptations and Defenses: Male mosquitoes use their plumose antennae to sense the species-specific buzzing of females. The mosquito produces its buzz by fluttering its wings up to 250 times per second. Females seek bloodmeal hosts by detecting carbon dioxide and octanol produced in breath and sweat. When a female mosquito senses CO2 in the air, she flies upwind until she finds the source. Mosquitoes dont require blood to live but need the proteins in a bloodmeal to develop their eggs. Range and Distribution: Mosquitoes of the family Culicidae live worldwide, except in Antarctica, but require habitat with standing or slow moving fresh water for young to develop. Sources: Diptera: Culicidae. (Accessed May 13, 2008).Family Culicidae - Mosquitoes - BugGuide.Net. (Accessed May 13, 2008).Mosquito - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (Accessed May 13, 2008).

Confrontation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Confrontation - Essay Example Be it the pure arts or humanities, criticism has always been there to point put any deviations from and contradictions to the ideologies and moralities, and the sets of rules, established by the actions of the people. This effort can be traced back to Aristotle, when he, in his Poetics, put forward the theory of literature that offered positive criticism to the literary works. Or the ideology of Karl Marx, called Marxism, for instance, objected to the sociopolitical conditions and offered an alternative method of approach that not only affected the social sciences, but even artists and literates grabbed on to the philosophies proposed by him. Flash forward to the recent exhibition, Art of Confrontation, and it is apparent that the struggle is far from over. In the humanities, the critical social theory, or the critical theory for short, has had an evolution, from two distinct origins and fields_ namely the literary theory, that proposes criticism purely in the arts and literature, and the social theory of criticism, that examines and analyses sociopolitical practices_ to the recent more overlapping critical social theory that combines the two fields and tries to provide a better and deeper understanding of society by incorporating all branches of humanities. Ultimately, the goal is to mold society according to the principles of Enlightenment, and to pursue it. Similarly, artists have for long seen it as their role as social scientists, and have produced work that has criticism and progression as its basis. Culture is by the people, for the people, and this medium, when tapped, can have amazing affects on the lives of the people. Sculptures, paintings and other form of art, even literature, can forever capture the thinking, feelings, and issues of the people of their time for future generations to study and learn from. As is said, it bears testimony. It stands as a reminder of the struggles of the people and their aspirations, and can send strong waves of renaissance and reform. Sometimes it has political shades to it and sometimes it provides a parallel medium to view issues, with a new light, leading, however, to the same goal_ Enlightenment. This form of art has come about to be known as critical art, and together, critical social theory and critical art, both high culture and mass culture, aim to propagate the acquisition of critical k nowledge to instill in individuals a sense of psychoanalysis and self-reflection so that society as a whole can emancipate itself from all forms of oppression, vice and domination. The underlying agenda of all activist movement has always been human rights, and the dignity and freedom that is associated with every individual. War,

Gender and Politics in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Gender and Politics in America - Essay Example These reasoning’s parallel the social barriers women have endured throughout the ages. Those that rule whether they are the church, government or financial leaders, shape the laws and ideology of a society. Consequently, the rules of society favor those in power which has been predominantly male in composition. Until the printing press allowed for ideas to be widely and freely circulated, the patriarchal dominance was total. The language was the tool of oppression yet proved to instigate the beginnings of emancipation. The proliferation of knowledge permeated both genders thus aided in moving the balance of power slightly back toward the center. At about the time of the printing press’s invention, women in America generally did not attend school. Education led to the growth of economic independence for women which translated in the growth of political power. â€Å"Without economic power, women are denied honor and prestige. Economic power has important consequences for what women can, or cannot do in a society†. Throughout the history of much of the world including the regions where the English language originated and developed, society has been dominated and controlled by patriarchal rule. The resulting product of the language represents this dominance by means of categorizing the realities of society. Language establishes the boundaries of perception. Male references in everyday speech dominate language usage simply because males have historically dominated society and to a large extent still do.

Paramount Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Paramount - Essay Example Based on the financial statements, the EBITDA, and other indicators the investment in Paramount is a very lucrative investment decision. Refer to Excel Sheet Q1 to Q7. Based on question 5 sheet of the excel file, The merger between Paramount and Viacom will result to total combined sales of $ 6,697. Both companies cater to the same industry like entertainment, networks & broadcasting. The merger will result to cost of sales reduction and expenses of 30%. Please refer to question 5 excel sheet attached for . The only similar business they serve is the networks business. Therefore the estimated cost of sales and expenses reduction will only be an estimated 10% because the other business lines that are disadvantageously unique to one company. These are the entertainment, broadcasting, live entertainment & publishing sectors. The growth rate of Paramount will be increased by the entrance of Viacom because EBITDA will be increased as shown in the excel computations attached. This can be explained by looking at question 12 sheet of the excel file attached. The market value of the combined synergy between Viacom and Paramount is $ 42,105.30( refer to question 9 sheet of the excel file. Whereas, the market value where Paramount is not combined with Viacom is only $ 28,056.30 as computed in excel file question 8 sheet. What would happen to costs & sales growth if Q... Computations are shown in question 5 sheet of the excel file attached. What effect would Viacom have on Paramount's growth rateThe growth rate of Paramount will be increased by the entrance of Viacom because EBITDA will be increased as shown in the excel computations attached. This can be explained by looking at question 12 sheet of the excel file attached. The market value of the combined synergy between Viacom and Paramount is $ 42,105.30( refer to question 9 sheet of the excel file. Whereas, the market value where Paramount is not combined with Viacom is only $ 28,056.30 as computed in excel file question 8 sheet. What would happen to costs & sales growth if QVC bought Paramount The cost and expenses is estimated to decrease by only 10 %. The sales increase is sales will be lesser. This is discussed in question 5 sheet of the excel file. 4. What is Paramount's worth as it is What is its worth to Viacom What about QVC Argue from point of savings / synergies that Viacom would achieve. Paramount is worth is $ 28, 056.30 as shown in Question no. 9 sheet in the excel file below. When Viacom joins Paramount the additional earnings before taxes, deprecation and amortization generated for Viacom is from $134 in 1994 to $223 in 1998. Paramount is worth $7,595.75 when the multiple values are used. Paramount will be very happy when Viacom joins Paramount because now Paramount can use the facilities of Viacom to enter into territories where Viacom is having a good business. Viacom in return can use the facilities of Paramount to enter into territories dominated by Paramount. 5. Should Redstone Continue What price should he offer Should the offer Cash Stock Or combination What should he do about lock out

Theories of Satellite Imagery and Fractal Concepts

Theories of Satellite Imagery and Fractal Concepts Introduction Many applications based on using satellite imagery in a quantitative fashion require classification of image regions into a number of relevant categories or distinguishable classes. Classification is a means of complementing retrieval. Satellite image classification is a clustering method based on image features, the classification results are represented by visualization techniques [Ant05]. Fractal geometry provides a suitable textural image classification framework by studying the nature irregularity shapes in the image, since it allows to easily describing such fractal images. The fractal geometry can recognize small image segment that characterized by its spectral uniformity, this necessitate first to segment the image before the classification. The main characteristics of fractal images are that they are continuous but not differentiable that allows showing the fine details at any arbitrarily small scale [Iod95]. This chapter presents an introduction to the fundamentals of satellite imagery and fractal concepts: Satellite imagery includes a brief description to the satellite imagery technology that useful to understand the main characteristics of satellite images. Whereas, the fractal concepts are mentioned to explain some regards when considering the fractal geometry techniques in digital image processing. Fractal characterizations are discussed to show the fractal features may found in satellite images. Also, some interested fractal measurements are mentioned to be applied on satellite images for purpose of classification. Later, the interested techniques of image segmentation and classification are given. Satellite Imagery Satellites are greatly used in remote sensing imagery, they have several unique characteristics enable to remote sense the Earths surface [Pan96]. The satellite senses electromagnetic energy at different wavelengths reflected by objects to produce the satellite images as shown in Figure (2.1). Visible satellite images are made of satellite signals received by visible channels that senses reflected solar radiation. Visible imagery is available only during daylight since it produced by reflected sunlight. The major advantage of using the visible imagery is due to it can gives higher resolution images than other imagery bands, so smaller features can be distinguished with visible imagery. The problem faces visible imagery is that clouds are shown white, while land and water surfaces are shaded. Clouds are Earths atmosphere, which absorb and reflect incoming solar radiation and leads to hide the fine details of the Earth surface under consideration [San04]. The two primary sensor types in the satellite are the optical and radar. Optical sensors are concerned with the imaging by visible and infrared radiation. While the radar sensors use microwaves to create an image, which enable the sensor to see through clouds and in night. In addition, multi-spectral, hyper-spectral and multi-polarization sensors are operated at different bands to improve the detection of objects under the sea or ground. Table (2.1) presents characteristics of the most popular optical satellites [ERD13]. Table (1.1) The most Popular optical satellites [ERD13] Satellite Mission life Spatial resolution (m) Panchromatic Multispectral Hyperspectral IRS 1988 / 03 0.80 73.00 Landsat 7 1999 / 07 15.00 30.00 60.00 IKONOS 1999 / 09 1.00 4.00 RapidEye 1999 / 12 5.00 ASTER 1999 / 12 15.00 30.00 – 90.00 MODIS 1999 / 12 250.00 500 1000 EROS 2000 / 12 0.50 – 0.90 QuickBird 2001 / 10 0.61 2.40 SPOT 5 2002 / 02 2.50 – 5.00 10.00 OrbView-3 2003 / 09 1.00 4.00 ALOS 2006 / 06 10.00 WorldView-1 2007 / 09 0.40 GeoEye-1 2008 / 09 0.41 1.65 WorldView-2 2009 / 06 0.41 1.80 Pleiades 2011 / 07 0.50 1.00 Many satellite imagery platforms are designed to follow an orbit determined by the direction from north to the south of the Earth, which is conjunct to the Earths rotation (from the west to east of the Earth). This setting of satellites allows them to cover most of the Earths surface (The coverage is called swath) over a certain period of time. More details about the satellite orbit and swath are given in the following subsections [Asr89]: Satellite Orbit Orbit is the path followed by a satellite. Satellite orbits are determined according to the capability and objective of carried sensors. The selection of orbit is depending on altitude, orientation, and rotation of the satellite relative to the Earth. Geostationary satellites revolve at speeds are matching the rotation of the Earth at altitudes of approximately 36000 km as Figure (2.2-a) shows. This makes the satellites to observe and collect information continuously over the considered areas. The common types of such orbits are found in weather and communications satellites. Whereas, most of satellite imagery are set to be used the near polar orbits, which indicates that the satellite moves northward along one side of Earth and then toward the southern pole on the second half of its orbit as Figure (2.2-b) shows. This trajectory is called ascending and descending passes, which are clearly shown in Figure (2.2-c). Moreover, there are sun-synchronous satellite orbits that cover each a rea on the Earths surface at a constant local time of day called local sun time. The ascending pass of sun-synchronous satellite is almost covers the shadowed side of the Earth while the descending pass is covering the sunlit side. This motion credits same illumination conditions when imaging specific area in periodic seasons over successive years [Pan96]. Swath Swath is imaged area on the surface of the Earth when the satellite around revolves, as Figure (2.3) shows. Swath covers an area is varying between tens and hundreds of kilometers wide. When the satellite rotates about the Earth from pole to pole, it seems to be shifted westward due to the rotation of the Earth (from west to east). This motion enables the satellite swath to cover a new area at each successive pass. The satellites orbit and Earths rotation work together to make complete coverage of the Earths surface when completing one orbital cycle. In near polar orbits, areas at high latitudes will be imaged more frequently than that ling at equatorial zone, this is due to the overlapping occurred in adjacent swaths when the orbit paths come closer together near the poles [Cam02]. If the satellites orbit start with any randomly selected pass, then the orbit cycle will be completed at the time when the satellite retraces its path, this is happen when the same point on the Earths surface become directly below the satellite (such point is called the nadir point) for a second time. The exact time period of the orbital cycle will vary at each satellite. Such that, the time interval required for the satellite to complete its orbital cycle is not the same as the revisit period [Sab97]. Satellite Image Scanning The satellite scanning produces digital images using detectors to measure the brightness of reflected electromagnetic energy. The scanner employs a detector with a narrow field of view which sweeps across the terrain, the parallel scan lines are combined together to produce an image as Figure (2.4) shows [Add10]. The most widely type used scanners is across-track (such as a Whiskbroom used in Quick Bird satellite), which uses rotating mirrors to scan the Earths surface from side to side perpendicular to the direction of the sensor platform. The function of rotating mirrors is redirecting the reflected light to be focused at the sensor detector(s). In such case, the moving mirrors create spatial distortions that can be corrected by processing the received data before delivering the image data into the user. The most significant advantage of whiskbroom scanner is the fewer sensor detectors that keeping data calibration. Another type of scanner is the along-track scanner (such as the pu sh broom scanner used in Spot satellite) that does not use rotating mirrors, it uses a sensor detectors are arranged in a rows called a linear array. Instead of scanning from side to side as the sensor system moves forward, the one dimensional sensor array captures the scanned line at once. Furthermore, some recent scanners are step stare based scanners, they contain two-dimensional arrays in rows and columns for each band. It is important to mention that the push broom scanner is smaller, lighter, and less complex due to fewer moving parts than whiskbroom scanner. Also push broom scanner gives better radiometric and spatial resolution. A major disadvantage of push broom scanner is the calibration that required due to a large number of detectors found in the sensor system [Bui93]. A multi-spectral scanner is a space borne remote sensing system that simultaneously acquires images of the same scene at different wavelengths. The sensors of a multi-spectral scanner are normally working in specific parts of the spectral range from 0.35ÃŽ ¼m up to 14ÃŽ ¼m. These specific parts of the spectrum in which remote sensing observation are made, are called bands or channels. The number of bands or channels varies largely from system to another [Add10]. Two important advantages of multi-spectral scanning are [Lil04]: Objects at the surface of the earth have varying reflection behavior through the optical spectrum; they can be recognized and/or identified more easily using several spectral bands than using just one band. A large number of objects do not reflect radiation very well in the visible part of the spectrum. Remote sensing observations outside the visible wavelengths or in combination with observations in the visible spectrum produce a much more contrasting image, which is helpful to identify objects or to determine their condition. Satellite Image Resolution Image resolution is the capability of sensor to observe the smallest object clearly with distinct boundaries. Resolution is often referred to count pixels in digital image. Usually, the pixel resolution is described by set of two positive integer numbers, where the first number is the width of the image (i.e. number of pixel columns) and the second is the height of the image (i.e. number of pixel rows). Whereas, the cite resolution is the total count of pixels in the image, which typically given in megapixels, and can be calculated by multiplying width by height of the image and then dividing by one million as Figure (2.5) shows [Zho10]. In satellite imagery, ground resolution indicates the Ground Sample Distance (GSD) that refers to the size of ground area covered by one pixel. For an image of 0.6m ground resolution, each pixel records an average reflected color of area 0.6m by 0.6m. The fewer meter per pixel, the higher the resolution of the image. The particular ground resolution is an important parameter when taking vertical aerial images. Satellites of various ground resolutions are listed in Table (2.2) [ERD13]. In addition to GSD, there are four types of resolution when discussing satellite imagery, they are: spatial, spectral, radiometric, and temporal. More details about each one are given in the following subsections [Ren99]: Table (2.2) Most interest satellite features [ERD13] Feature QuickBird Landsat -7 GeoEye -1 IKONOS WorldView -2 Pleiades GSD 0.61m 15m 0.41m 1m 0.5m 0.5m Swath width 16.5 km 185km 15km 13km 16.4km 20km Multispectral Yes yes yes yes yes yes Revisit time 3-4 days 16 days 2-3 days 1-3 days 2-3 days 2-3 days Spatial Resolution The discrimination of image details is depending on the spatial resolution of the sensor, which refers to the ability of detecting the smallest possible feature in the image. Spatial resolution of sensors depends primarily on their Instantaneous Field of View (IFOV).The IFOV is related to the angular cone of visibility of the sensor that determines the ground are seen from a given altitude at one particular moment in time. The size of the viewed area is determined by multiplying the IFOV by the distance from the sensor to ground. This ground area is called the cell resolution and determines the maximum spatial resolution of the sensor [Sab97]. Spectral Resolution Many remote sensing systems use several separate wavelength ranges at various spectral resolutions when imaging the ground areas. These are referred to as multi-spectral sensors. Advanced multi-spectral sensors called hyperspectral sensors, which detect hundreds of very narrow spectral bands in the visible, near-infrared and mid-infrared portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The use of spectral resolution improve the informatic store of specific ground area since there are very high spectral resolution facilitates leads to fine discrimination between different targets based on their spectral response when using each narrow bands [Lil04]. Radiometric Resolution The radiometric characteristics describe the actual information of image contents. Radiometric resolution is the sensitivity of the sensor to the magnitude of the electromagnetic energy that describes its ability to discriminate little differences in the energy. The finer radiometric resolution of sensors the more sensitive for detecting small differences in reflected or emitted energy [Bui93]. Digitally, radiometric resolution is the number of bits comprising each pixel in the image, which indicates the brightness level of current pixel. Brightness levels are digitally represented by a positive numbers varies from 0 to a selected power of 2. The available maximum brightness level depends on the number of bits used to represent the recorded energy. Thus, if the sensor uses 8bits for data recording, then there are 28=256 digital values are available within the range from 0 to 255 [San04]. Temporal Resolution Temporal resolution is related to the revisit period of a satellite sensor. The temporal resolution is the period of a remote sensing system that images the same area appeared at the same viewing angle for second time. The actual temporal resolution is typically measured by days, it depends on three factors: satellite capabilities, swath overlapping, and latitude. The ability of image collection in same area at different periods is an important element for applying remote sensing data. Spectral characteristics of given areas may change over the time and these changes can be detected by collecting and comparing multi-temporal images. When imaging on a continuing basis at different times, change on the Earth surface whether they are naturally occurring or induced by humans can be monitored [Lev99]. Fractal Theory In the 1970s, Benoit B. Mandelbrot introduced his discovery as a new field of mathematics named as fractal geometry (from Latin fractus, i.e. irregular fragmented). He claimed that the fractal geometry would provide a useful tool to explain a variety of naturally occurring phenomena [Man83]. A fundamental characteristic of fractal objects is that their measured metric properties such as length or area are a function of the scale of measurement [Sun06]. Mandelbrots fractal geometry is the best approximation and the most widely used successful mathematical model [Man88]. Fractal objects can be found everywhere in nature such as coastlines, fern trees, snowflakes, clouds and mountains. Self-similarity is one of the most important properties of fractals, invariant scale, and non-integer dimension [Man83]. Fractal geometry is not concerned with the explicit shape of objects. Instead, fractal geometry identifies the value that quantifies the shape of the objects surface by the fractal dimension DF. For example, a line is commonly thought of as 1D object, a plane as a 2D object, and a prism as a 3D object. All these dimensions have integer values. However, the surfaces of many natural objects cannot be described with an integer value, such objects are said to have a fractional dimension. According to Mandelbrot, the fractal can be defined as â€Å"A rough or fragmented geometric shape that can be subdivided in parts, each is (at least approximately) a reduced size copy of the whole†. In term of Mathematics, fractal can be defined as â€Å"A set of points whose fractal dimension exceeds its topological dimension† [Man83]. Fractal geometry uses the fractal features to describe the irregular or fragmented shapes of natural features as well as other complex objects that the tra ditional Euclidean geometry fails to analyze [Ana11].